{"id":21823,"date":"2016-06-10T19:48:51","date_gmt":"2016-06-10T17:48:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.in-diem.com\/statements-by-persons-under-investigation-or-in-custody-rights-and-legal-assistance\/"},"modified":"2026-08-13T13:51:24","modified_gmt":"2026-08-13T11:51:24","slug":"statements-by-persons-under-investigation-or-in-custody-rights-and-legal-assistance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.in-diem.com\/en\/statements-by-persons-under-investigation-or-in-custody-rights-and-legal-assistance\/","title":{"rendered":"Statements by Persons Under Investigation or in Custody: Rights and Legal Assistance"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vgblk-rw-wrapper limit-wrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 4px solid #0A3151; padding: 14px 18px; margin: 24px 0; background: #f7f9fb; color: #333333; font-style: italic; text-align: center;\">\n<p><strong>Important:<\/strong> This article is a historical post from <strong>2016<\/strong> regarding <strong>statements made by individuals under investigation or in custody<\/strong>. Since then, the subject matter may have undergone changes in legislation, case law, or practice. For a current analysis <a href=\"https:\/\/www.in-diem.com\/en\/24-hours-2\/\"><strong>, please contact us<\/strong><\/a>.  <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>statement given by a person under investigation or in custody is one of the most critical moments in criminal proceedings.<\/strong> At this stage, it is essential to be aware of the constitutional and procedural rights to which the person in question is entitled, as well as to have legal counsel from the very beginning.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This article discusses a publication on the <strong>judicial statement made by a person under investigation or in custody<\/strong>, with a particular focus on the rights recognized by the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/act.php?id=BOE-A-1978-31229#a24\">Spanish Constitution<\/a><\/strong> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/act.php?id=BOE-A-1882-6036\"><strong>Criminal Procedure Act<\/strong>.<\/a><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Statement made in court by the person under investigation or in custody<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The statement given by the person under investigation or in custody should not be viewed as a mere formality. It is a procedural step that directly affects the exercise of the right to a defense, the assessment of the alleged facts, and the legal strategy that may be pursued during the proceedings. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Therefore, before giving a statement, it is particularly important to understand the rights of the person under investigation or in custody, the scope of the charges or allegations against them, and the role the attorney plays in providing assistance before and during the statement.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rights Recognized by the Constitution<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The person under investigation has the rights recognized in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/act.php?id=BOE-A-1978-31229#a24\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Article 24 of the Spanish Constitution<\/strong><\/a>, which entails:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The right to a judge designated by law.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Right to a defense and to legal counsel.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to be informed of the charges.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to a trial without undue delay and with all due process guarantees.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to use relevant evidence in one&#8217;s defense.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right not to testify against oneself and not to admit guilt.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Right to the Presumption of Innocence.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These constitutional rights form the basis of the right to a defense in criminal proceedings. Their recognition ensures that the person under investigation can participate in the proceedings with due process safeguards, be informed of the charges against them, and receive adequate legal assistance. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The presumption of innocence, the right against self-incrimination, and the right to legal counsel are particularly important in the early stages of any criminal proceeding, whether at the police station or in court.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rights Recognized Under Article 118 of the Criminal Procedure Act<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Furthermore, under procedural law, the rights of the person under investigation are recognized in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/act.php?id=BOE-A-1882-6036#a118\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Article 118 of the Criminal Procedure Act (LECrim)<\/strong><\/a>, which includes:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The right to be informed<\/strong>, in understandable and accessible language, of the charges against them, as well as of any relevant changes to the subject matter of the investigation and the charges.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to review the case files<\/strong> in a timely manner to safeguard the right to a defense.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to participate in criminal proceedings<\/strong> to exercise one\u2019s right to a defense in accordance with the law, from the time the alleged criminal act is attributed to the accused until the completion of the sentence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to freely choose a lawyer<\/strong>, except in cases where the detainee or pretrial detainee is held incommunicado.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to apply for free legal aid<\/strong>, the procedure for doing so, and the conditions for obtaining it.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Right to free translation and interpretation<\/strong> in accordance with the provisions of Articles <a href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/act.php?id=BOE-A-1882-6036#a123\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>123 through 127 of the Criminal Procedure Act<\/strong><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to remain silent<\/strong> and to refuse to make a statement if you do not wish to do so.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right not to testify against oneself<\/strong> and not to admit guilt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The provision in Article 118 of the Criminal Procedure Act sets forth the basic rights of a person who becomes a suspect. In particular, it reinforces the requirement that information regarding the alleged acts be understandable and that the person be able to participate in the proceedings with legal counsel. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The right to review the case file and to appoint an attorney is particularly important for preparing a defense and avoiding statements made hastily or without sufficient knowledge of the alleged facts.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rights Recognized Under Article 520 of the Criminal Procedure Act<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition to these rights, which are guaranteed to any person under investigation, there are those provided for detainees as recognized in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/act.php?id=BOE-A-1882-6036#a520\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Article 520 of the Criminal Procedure Act<\/strong><\/a>. Therefore, in addition to the basic rights of any person under investigation, the following rights apply: <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The right to legal assistance<\/strong>, including the right to have a lawyer of one\u2019s choice appointed to be present and assist the individual without undue delay, both during police proceedings and judicial proceedings.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right of access to the essential elements of the proceedings<\/strong> in order to challenge the legality of the arrest or deprivation of liberty.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to have the arrest and place of custody communicated to<\/strong> a family member or any other person of the detainee\u2019s choosing. If the detainee is a foreign national, he or she has the right to have this information communicated to the consular office of his or her country. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to communicate by telephone with a third party<\/strong> of their choice, without undue delay, in the presence of a police officer or another official designated by the judge or prosecutor, as appropriate. The exception provided for in Article 527 of the Criminal Procedure Act applies. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to be visited by the consular authorities<\/strong> of one&#8217;s country, to communicate with them, and to correspond with them.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to be assisted free of charge by an interpreter<\/strong> if you do not understand or speak Spanish or the official language of the proceedings in question, or if you are deaf, have a hearing impairment, or have other language difficulties.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to be identified by the medical examiner<\/strong> or his or her designee.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to be informed<\/strong>, in language that is understandable and accessible given the individual\u2019s personal circumstances, of the maximum legal duration of detention until the individual is brought before a judicial authority, and of the procedure through which the individual may challenge the legality of the detention.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The right to have information regarding one\u2019s rights provided through an interpreter<\/strong> if one does not understand the official language, followed by the prompt provision of a written statement of rights in a language one understands.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the case of a minor or a person legally incapacitated who is detained, the detention must be reported to those who exercise parental authority, guardianship, or de facto custody over the individual. If such persons cannot be located, the Public Prosecutor\u2019s Office must be notified immediately. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Information regarding the detainee\u2019s rights must be provided in a clear and understandable manner. The person deprived of liberty must be informed of the charges against them, the reasons for their detention, and the rights they may exercise from the very beginning. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Right to a private meeting with an attorney<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In <a href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/act.php?id=BOE-A-1882-6036#a527\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Article 527 of the Criminal Procedure Act (LECrim)<\/strong><\/a> provides for the possibility that, both before and after the initial statement before the investigating judge, the person under investigation may meet privately with their attorney. However, there are special provisions for cases of solitary confinement. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A private consultation with an attorney is essential for preparing a statement, addressing any questions, assessing whether it is advisable to make a statement or remain silent, and developing an initial defense strategy.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In emergency situations, this assistance ensures that a person under investigation or in custody does not have to give a statement without adequate legal guidance.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Importance of Legal Representation During a Statement<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The presence of an attorney during the statement given by a person under investigation or in custody serves as a safeguard. It is not limited to merely accompanying the person; rather, it ensures that their rights are respected and that the statement is taken in accordance with due process. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The attorney can provide advice on the scope of the alleged facts, the option to remain silent, whether it is advisable to answer certain questions, a review of the available documentation, and the most appropriate defense strategy for the specific case.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Early legal intervention also helps prevent situations where a person is left without legal representation, especially when the person under investigation or in custody is unfamiliar with how criminal proceedings work or is under pressure as a result of their arrest or court summons.<\/p>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<div class=\"indiem-faqs\"><style>.indiem-faqs {\n      width: 100%;\n      max-width: 900px;\n      margin: 28px auto;\n      box-sizing: border-box;\n      font-family: inherit;\n    }\n\n```\n.indiem-faqs * {\n  box-sizing: border-box;\n}\n\n.indiem-faqs-title {\n  margin: 0 0 16px 0;\n  color: #0A3151;\n  font-size: 24px;\n  line-height: 1.3;\n  font-weight: 700;\n}\n\n.indiem-faq-item {\n  margin-bottom: 10px;\n  border: 1px solid #E6E6E6;\n  border-radius: 12px;\n  background: #ffffff;\n  overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n.indiem-faq-item summary {\n  cursor: pointer;\n  padding: 15px 18px;\n  color: #0A3151;\n  font-size: 15px;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  font-weight: 700;\n  background: #F8FAFC;\n  list-style: none;\n}\n\n.indiem-faq-item summary::-webkit-details-marker {\n  display: none;\n}\n\n.indiem-faq-item summary::after {\n  content: \"+\";\n  float: right;\n  color: #33B4D6;\n  font-size: 20px;\n  line-height: 1;\n  font-weight: 700;\n}\n\n.indiem-faq-item[open] summary::after {\n  content: \"\u2013\";\n}\n\n.indiem-faq-content {\n  padding: 14px 18px 16px 18px;\n  border-top: 1px solid #E6E6E6;\n  color: #333333;\n  font-size: 14px;\n  line-height: 1.55;\n}\n\n.indiem-faq-content p {\n  margin: 0;\n}\n\n@media (max-width: 520px) {\n  .indiem-faqs-title {\n    font-size: 21px;\n  }\n\n  .indiem-faq-item summary {\n    font-size: 14px;\n    padding: 14px 15px;\n  }\n\n  .indiem-faq-content {\n    font-size: 13px;\n    padding: 13px 15px 15px 15px;\n  }\n}\n```\n\n  <\/style><h2 class=\"indiem-faqs-title\">Preguntas frecuentes sobre la declaraci\u00f3n del investigado o detenido<\/h2><details class=\"indiem-faq-item\" open=\"\"><summary>\u00bfQu\u00e9 derechos tiene una persona investigada en un procedimiento penal?<\/summary><div class=\"indiem-faq-content\"><p>La persona investigada tiene derecho a la defensa, a la asistencia de abogado, a ser informada de los hechos que se le atribuyen, a no declarar contra s\u00ed misma, a no confesarse culpable y a la presunci\u00f3n de inocencia, entre otros derechos reconocidos en la Constituci\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola y en la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"indiem-faq-item\"><summary>\u00bfPuede un investigado guardar silencio?<\/summary><div class=\"indiem-faq-content\"><p>S\u00ed. El investigado puede guardar silencio, no contestar determinadas preguntas o manifestar que solo declarar\u00e1 ante el juez. Esta decisi\u00f3n debe valorarse con asistencia letrada, atendiendo a las circunstancias concretas del caso.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"indiem-faq-item\"><summary>\u00bfQu\u00e9 diferencia hay entre investigado y detenido?<\/summary><div class=\"indiem-faq-content\"><p>El investigado es la persona a la que se atribuye participaci\u00f3n en unos hechos dentro de un procedimiento penal. El detenido, adem\u00e1s, se encuentra privado de libertad durante un tiempo legalmente limitado. Por eso, el detenido cuenta con derechos espec\u00edficos vinculados a esa privaci\u00f3n de libertad.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"indiem-faq-item\"><summary>\u00bfEs recomendable declarar sin haber hablado antes con un abogado?<\/summary><div class=\"indiem-faq-content\"><p>No es recomendable. Antes de declarar, conviene conocer los hechos atribuidos, los derechos disponibles y las posibles consecuencias de la declaraci\u00f3n. La asistencia letrada permite preparar la declaraci\u00f3n y evitar decisiones precipitadas.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"indiem-faq-item\"><summary>\u00bfEl detenido puede entrevistarse reservadamente con su abogado?<\/summary><div class=\"indiem-faq-content\"><p>S\u00ed. La Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal prev\u00e9 la posibilidad de entrevista reservada con el abogado, con las especialidades legalmente previstas en determinados supuestos. Esta entrevista resulta esencial para preparar la declaraci\u00f3n y ejercer adecuadamente el derecho de defensa.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"indiem-faq-item\"><summary>\u00bfCu\u00e1ndo conviene contactar con un abogado penalista?<\/summary><div class=\"indiem-faq-content\"><p>Conviene contactar con un abogado penalista desde el primer momento, especialmente si existe detenci\u00f3n, citaci\u00f3n policial o judicial, declaraci\u00f3n como investigado, juicio r\u00e1pido o cualquier actuaci\u00f3n penal urgente.<\/p><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Legal Advice Regarding Statements Made by a Person Under Investigation or in Custody<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>IN DIEM Abogados<\/strong> provides legal counsel on matters related to <strong>criminal law<\/strong>, statements by persons under investigation, representation of detainees, police and judicial proceedings, expedited trials, precautionary measures, urgent criminal proceedings, and the protection of fundamental rights during criminal proceedings.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Legal advice can be important for preparing a statement, assessing whether it is advisable to testify or remain silent, reviewing the allegations, requesting investigative measures, analyzing the possibility of release, and developing a defense strategy from the very beginning.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For an initial assessment, you can contact <strong>IN DIEM Abogados<\/strong> by submitting an <strong>IN DIEM inquiry<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In-person, online, and urgent service. 24-hour support. <\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>IN DIEM Abogados<\/strong> provides in-person and online legal services from its offices in <strong>Madrid<\/strong>, <strong>Seville<\/strong>, <strong>M\u00e1laga<\/strong>, <strong>Marbella<\/strong>, <strong>Estepona<\/strong>, <strong>Las Palmas de Gran Canaria<\/strong>, <strong>Almer\u00eda<\/strong>, and <strong>Huelva<\/strong>, serving clients throughout Spain.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The firm has a multidisciplinary team composed of <strong>specialized attorneys<\/strong> and professionals with experience in the <strong>judicial<\/strong>, <strong>tax<\/strong>, and <strong>administrative<\/strong> fields, which allows it to approach each matter from a technical, strategic, and practical perspective.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition, <strong>IN DIEM Abogados<\/strong> offers <strong>online assistance<\/strong> and urgent support when the nature of the matter requires an immediate response or a quick initial assessment of the case.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fe48e5de wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.in-diem.com\/en\/online-lawyers-in-diem\/\" style=\"background-color:#33c0d6;font-size:15px\"><strong>Online Legal Advice<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.in-diem.com\/en\/24-horas\/\" style=\"background-color:#33c0d6;font-size:15px\"><strong>24-Hour Service and Urgent Requests<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-medium-font-size\" style=\"color:#0029a4\">Want to know more about Abogados IN DIEM? Here&#8217;s a short introductory video&#8230; <\/h2>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"In Diem Abogados Sevilla\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wQFpoA1gOfQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#0029a4\">To acknowledge some of you, here&#8217;s this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.proveedores.com\/proveedores\/abogados-in-diem-asesoramiento-personal-y-online-especializado\/\"><strong>link<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can find us in Seville, Madrid, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, M\u00e1laga, Huelva, Punta Umbr\u00eda, Tomares, Coria del R\u00edo, Dos Hermanas, Mairena del Alcor, Estepona, Marbella, and Mairena del Aljarafe. We look forward to serving you. <\/p>\n<\/div><!-- .vgblk-rw-wrapper -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Excerpt regarding the statement of a person under investigation or in custody in criminal proceedings, the rights guaranteed by the Spanish Constitution and the Criminal Procedure Act, and the importance of having legal counsel from the very beginning to ensure an adequate defense.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":21824,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[4270],"tags":[5642,4880,5643,4748,5641,4749,1463,1935,1564,4573,1518,4747,5646,5638,5639,4879,5640,4752,4872,5637,5644,5645],"class_list":["post-21823","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-criminal-law","tag-article-118-of-the-criminal-procedure-act","tag-article-24-of-the-spanish-constitution","tag-article-527-of-the-criminal-procedure-act","tag-code-of-criminal-procedure","tag-court-order","tag-criminal-defense","tag-criminal-defense-lawyer","tag-criminal-proceedings","tag-detained","tag-free-legal-assistance","tag-investigated","tag-legal-aid","tag-not-to-incriminate-oneself","tag-not-to-plead-guilty","tag-police-arrest","tag-presumption-of-innocence","tag-private-meeting-with-a-lawyer","tag-right-to-a-defense","tag-right-to-remain-silent","tag-rights-of-the-detainee","tag-rights-of-the-person-under-investigation","tag-statement-before-the-judge"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>24-Hour Emergency Lawyer Hotline. 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