Foreclosure: Final Dismissal
The Provincial Court of Seville, Sixth Section, by ORDER dated September 20, 2018, issued a decision ordering the complete dismissal of the mortgage foreclosure proceedings, ordering the banking entity CAJA RURAL DEL SUR to pay the costs.
Basically, the Provincial Court of Seville notes the following:
1.- If the floor clause is declared null and void, the bank must provide a new full settlement statement for the loan, with a recalculation of remunerative interest from the first year onwards.
2.- If the bank does not comply with the above, the case and the enforcement proceedings must be definitively dismissed, with no further requests from the court.
Accordingly, the mortgage foreclosure proceedings were fully dismissed, rendering them without effect.
Foreclosure: Ruling by the Provincial Court of Seville
The verbatim wording of the decision is as follows:
“FIRST.- Following the foreclosure proceedings, the defendant filed an objection, and a court order was issued directing that the amounts be recalculated, with default interest having no effect and being replaced by compensatory interest, which should also be recalculated by deducting the overcharges resulting from the floor clause. The plaintiff filed a brief in which it asserted that the amounts on which the foreclosure should proceed had been recalculated. The court found that the recalculation had not been performed and therefore ordered the case to be dismissed.”
An appeal has been lodged against that decision by the representation of the enforcing party, seeking its revocation, the enforcement to continue, and costs to be imposed on the enforced party. The enforced party has opposed the appeal and has requested confirmation of that decision.
SECOND.- In the order issued in the enforcement incident, the clause relating to default interest and the floor clause were declared null and void as unfair, so that no default interest would accrue but rather remunerative interest, and the remunerative interest would have to be recalculated without applying the floor clause.
The recalculation, once the floor clause has been declared null and void, affects the entire term of the loan after the first year, for which a fixed interest rate was agreed, as stated in the deed dated April 17, 2006, third bis stipulation, which sets a minimum limit on the variable interest rate referenced to EURIBOR of 3.50% per annum, an agreement that is maintained in the subsequent amending novation. Therefore, given the retroactive effect of the declaration of nullity, an issue resolved by the CJEU judgment of December 21, 2016 (Gutiérrez Naranjo case), which led to a change in the case law of the First Chamber of the Supreme Court from judgment 123/2017 of February 24 onwards, the party should have provided a new full settlement statement for the loan with a recalculation of remunerative interest from the first year of the loan’s term, which it has not done; only in that way could it have been verified whether, at the time the claim was filed, the defendant owed more than three loan instalments. As it has not proceeded in the indicated manner, the ordered dismissal is appropriate, with no further requests from the Court, since it is for the party to submit a settlement statement in accordance with what was agreed in the final decision.”
The appeal must be dismissed and the decision fully upheld.
THIRD.—The costs arising from this appeal shall be imposed on the appellant, as all claims in the appeal have been dismissed, as provided for in Article 398(1) of the Civil Procedure Act.”
This decision brings the mortgage foreclosure proceedings to an end with a completely successful outcome, making the claim of the banking entity CAJA RURAL unviable.
Dismissal and Dismissal of Mortgage Foreclosure Proceedings: Our Goal
IN DIEM Lawyers has as its main objective in all its defences to uphold the doctrine of the Court of Justice of the European Union on the protection of banking consumers, at any procedural stage and whatever the circumstances of our clients, even where they did not respond (object) to the bank’s enforcement within the required time limits. In this regard, it should be recalled that the court’s ex officio review of the unfairness of such clauses—such as the early maturity clause—may be carried out at any time provided it has not been raised previously, as established by the CJEU judgment of 26/01/17.
Preguntas frecuentes sobre archivo de ejecución hipotecaria y cláusula suelo
¿Qué significa el archivo definitivo de una ejecución hipotecaria?
Significa que el procedimiento de ejecución hipotecaria queda terminado y no puede continuar en los términos en que fue planteado por la entidad bancaria. En la práctica, supone dejar sin efecto la ejecución iniciada frente al deudor hipotecario.
¿Por qué puede archivarse una ejecución hipotecaria tras anular una cláusula suelo?
Porque la nulidad de la cláusula suelo obliga a recalcular correctamente el préstamo desde el momento procedente. Si el banco no aporta una liquidación completa y ajustada a esa nulidad, puede no quedar acreditada correctamente la deuda reclamada.
¿Qué debe hacer el banco cuando se declara nula la cláusula suelo?
Debe aportar una nueva liquidación completa del préstamo, recalculando los intereses remuneratorios sin aplicar la cláusula suelo y descontando las cantidades cobradas de más durante la vida del préstamo afectada por la nulidad.
¿Puede el juzgado dar nuevas oportunidades al banco para recalcular la deuda?
Según el criterio recogido en la resolución analizada, si la entidad bancaria no cumple con la obligación de aportar una liquidación correcta conforme a lo ordenado, puede proceder el archivo sin necesidad de realizar nuevos requerimientos.
¿Qué importancia tuvo la doctrina del TJUE sobre cláusulas suelo?
La doctrina del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea reforzó la protección de los consumidores frente a cláusulas abusivas y confirmó la eficacia restitutoria de la nulidad, lo que obliga a revisar los efectos económicos de la cláusula suelo desde el momento procedente.
¿La nulidad de una cláusula abusiva puede analizarse durante la ejecución hipotecaria?
Sí. En determinados supuestos, el control de abusividad de cláusulas hipotecarias puede plantearse dentro del procedimiento de ejecución, especialmente cuando afecta a consumidores y no ha sido examinado previamente con todas las garantías.
¿Qué consecuencias tiene que no se acredite correctamente la deuda?
Si la deuda no queda correctamente liquidada, puede impedirse la continuación de la ejecución hipotecaria. La entidad ejecutante debe justificar de forma clara y completa las cantidades reclamadas conforme al contrato y a las cláusulas válidas.
¿Puede imponerse el pago de costas al banco?
Sí. Si el recurso de la entidad bancaria es desestimado, puede imponerse el pago de las costas procesales conforme a las reglas aplicables, como ocurrió en la resolución comentada.
¿Qué documentos conviene revisar en una ejecución hipotecaria?
Conviene revisar la escritura de préstamo hipotecario, novaciones, liquidación de deuda, cuadro de amortización, cláusulas suelo, intereses de demora, vencimiento anticipado, requerimientos de pago y toda la documentación aportada por el banco.
¿Cómo puede ayudar IN DIEM Abogados en una ejecución hipotecaria?
IN DIEM Abogados puede analizar la escritura hipotecaria, detectar cláusulas abusivas, formular oposición, revisar liquidaciones bancarias, invocar doctrina europea y española de protección de consumidores y diseñar una estrategia de defensa frente a la ejecución.
Lawyers Specializing in Foreclosure | IN DIEM
The IN DIEM Abogados practice area specializing in Mortgage Foreclosure is led by one of the best lawyers specializing in Banking Law, Casimiro Galán Garrido, who has extensive experience and a high level of expertise in the banking and financial sector, with thousands of favorable decisions in this jurisdiction. If you require more information about our services, you can click HERE.
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